Electric Generator
Mechanical Rotation → Changing Flux → Induced EMF
Generator Principle
A rotating coil cuts magnetic field lines, so the magnetic flux through the coil changes with time. According to Faraday’s law, this changing flux induces an emf in the coil. If the circuit is closed, an alternating current flows. The direction of the induced current is given by Fleming’s right-hand rule (motion, field, current).
Link to Induction
The generator works because of electromagnetic induction. Faraday’s law states that EMF ∝ dΦ/dt: the induced emf is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux. Faster rotation means more flux change per second, so both the magnitude of the emf and the frequency of the AC increase.
✔ EMF is induced because magnetic flux through the rotating coil changes (Faraday’s Law).
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What Happens If?
Coil Angle → EMF Value
0°
→
0
90°
→
Max
180°
→
0
270°
→
Min
Generator in 10 Seconds
Mechanical energy → Rotating coil → Changing flux → AC electricity
Rotation↓Flux changes↓EMF induced↓Current flows